Words in use¶
Unit 1¶
Acadmic exploration 1¶
| affiliation | ascribe | categorize | consequence |
| foster | multilingual | rivalry | trait |
1、She said exactly what she thought, without thinking about the consequence / consequences.
她完全说出了自己的想法，没有考虑后果
2、In general, shyness is a personality trait that is partly biological and partly environmental.
一般来说，害羞是一种性格特征，一部分是生物性的，另一部分是环境性的。
3、International travel has grown to the point that many hotels find it necessary to employ multilingual staff members.
国际旅行已经发展到许多酒店都认为有必要雇佣多语种的工作人员的地步
4、I can only ascribe the uncommon behavior of the strangers I meet to my being a foreigner.
我只能把我遇到的陌生人的不寻常行为归因于我是一个外国人。
5、I have categorized / categorised my social media contacts into family, close friends, and work colleagues.
我将我的社交媒体联系人分为家人、密友和同事。
6、The city hopes historic districts will foster a sense of community, which can be lacking in young and fast-growing places.
该市希望历史街区能够培养社区意识，这在年轻和快速发展的地方可能是缺乏的。
7、Laughing at the same joke would help us to show affiliation with others, and this may be why it is especially infectious.
笑同一个笑话会帮助我们表现出与他人的亲密关系，这可能就是为什么它特别具 有传染性的原因。
8、Once you graduate from school, you’ll start to feel fierce rivalry / rivalries as you compete for a good job.
一旦你从学校毕业，你就会在竞争一份好工作时开始感到激烈的竞争。
Acadmic exploration 2¶
| comprehensive | correlation | co-worker | frustrated |
| rate | suggest | tempt |
1、The survey was distributed to over 1,000 people, but unfortunately, only about half of the participants completed it correctly.
这项调查分发给了 1000 多人，但不幸的是，只有大约一半的参与者正确完成了 调查。
2、Is there any correlation between gender and personality traits?
性别和性格特征之间有什么关联吗？
3、When I don’t understand something even after the teacher has explained it twice, I feel frustrated.
当我甚至在老师解释了两遍之后仍不明白时，我会感到沮丧
4、This psychology journal has an interesting article about a very comprehensive study carried out on a group of 500 volunteers.
这本心理学杂志有一篇有趣的文章，讲述了一项对 500 名志愿者进行的非常全 面的研究。
5、The applicant was rated very high in technical skills, but rather low in social skills.
申请人的技术技能被评为很高，但社会技能却很低。
6、The results of my research suggest / suggested that identity is important in all cultures in the world.
我的研究结果表明，身份认同在世界上所有文化中都很重要。
7、Fast-food chains will tempt you with more efficient takeout options.
快餐连锁店将以更高效的外卖方式吸引您。
8、Sharing family photos in the workplace helps co-workers become and remain connected.
在工作场所分享家庭照片有助于同事建立并保持联系。
Acadmic writing¶
| extroverted | feeling | introverted | Intuitive |
| judging | perceiving | sensing | thinking |
1、Thinking people make decisions based on logical evidence.
2、People who draw conclusions based on their ideas and concepts of the world are known as intuitive.
3、People with a strong judging identity are most comfortable with rules and specific guidelines. They see the world as an orderly place that always operates the same way.
4、Extroverted people are outgoing and sociable. They are interested in other people and the world around them.
5、Feeling people use emotions and feelings to guide their choices.
6、People who focus on their own inner world are introverted. They often prefer to spend time alone or without distractions from the outside.
7、If you are someone who thinks any situation can have many different outcomes, that there is no stable structure in place, and so anything is possible, you are probably a(n) perceiving person.
8、Sensing people rely on concrete information; for example, evidence that can be seen, heard, or felt.
Unit 2¶
Acadmic exploration 1¶
| aesthetic | craftsman | deliberately | flaw |
| humility | imitate | incident | notion |
1、Traditional Japanese ideas of beauty contain notions that may seem quite foreign to Westerners, who name them “Japaneseness.”
日本传统的美观念中包含的观念对西方人来说可能很陌生，他们称之为“日本性”
2、Chinese landscape paintings are not the kind of art that merely imitates nature but expresses the artist’s heart and mind.
中国山水画不是那种仅仅模仿自然，而是表达艺术家内心的艺术。
3、We have fully described this historical incident of Japanese art here because it has an important bearing on Japanese philosophy.
我们在这里充分描述了日本艺术的这一历史事件，因为它对日本哲学有重要影响。
4、One of the traditional Chinese values is humility, referring to the quality of being humble, the quality of not thinking that you are better than other people.
中国的传统价值观之一是谦逊，指的是谦逊的品质，即不认为自己比别人更好的 品质。
5、Discovered an obvious design flaw, his new work, a building in a Scottish city, has been ridiculed by people on social media.
发现了一个明显的设计缺陷，他的新作品，一座位于苏格兰城市的建筑，在社交 媒体上遭到了人们的嘲笑。
6、More than 2,000 years ago, Lu Ban, the most famous craftsman of China, solved many architectural problems.
2000 多年前，中国最著名的工匠鲁班解决了许多建筑问题。
7、We designed three- and four-storey houses, combining a modern aesthetic with a high level of sustainability.
我们设计了三层和四层的房屋，将现代美学与高度可持续性相结合。
8、Some social media companies are deliberately attracting users to their products for financial gain.
一些社交媒体公司故意吸引用户购买他们的产品以获取经济利益。
Acadmic exploration 2¶
| artistry | delicate | entirely |
| functional | objection | romantic |
1、It is entirely true that no artwork can satisfy everyone.
毫无疑问，没有一件艺术品能让每个人都满意。
2、The artistry of this clock offers a thoughtful marriage of form and function.
这座钟的艺术性使其形式和功能完美结合。
3、Some modern designers believe that well-designed buildings should be functional as well as beautiful.
一些现代设计师认为，精心设计的建筑应该既实用又美观。
4、An important invention of the ancient Chinese people was that of a fine, delicate item known as porcelain.
古代中国人的一项重要发明是一种精致的瓷器。
5、My parents can’t judge their old home realistically. They have a(n) romantic impression of it, and think it’s better than it really was.
我父母不能实事求是地评价他们的老房子。他们对它有一种浪漫的印象，并认为 它比实际情况要好。
6、I trust that the above objections / objection will be taken fully into account in determining which design to use.
我相信，在决定使用哪种设计时，将充分考虑上述反对意见。
Unit 3¶
Acadmic exploration 1¶
| contaminate | deposit | evidence | pandemic |
| procedure | propagate | survive | transmit |
1、The following standard operating procedure / procedures must be followed by all laboratory workers where laboratory work involves the use of hazardous chemicals.
如果实验室工作涉及使用危险化学品，所有实验室工作人员必须遵守以下标准操 作程序。
2、Current literature provides adequate evidence that intensive lifestyle modifications could lower the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular (心血管的) diseases.
目前的文献提供了充分的证据，表明强化生活方式的改变可以降低糖尿病和心血 管疾病的发病率。
3、In the hospital, every patient is potentially at risk of acquiring and transmitting infectious diseases to other patients and healthcare workers.
在医院里，每个患者都有可能感染传染病并将其传染给其他患者和医护人员。
4、Immunization provides the chief defense for children to survive the deadly diseases.
免疫接种是儿童抵御致命疾病的主要防御措施。
5、People may be infected by touching something contaminated by the COVID-19 virus and then touching their own mouth, nose, or eyes.
人们可能通过触摸被新冠肺炎病毒污染的东西，然后触摸自己的嘴、鼻子或眼睛 而感染。
6、Experts across the globe predict that there will be another viral pandemic sooner rather than later.
世界各地的专家预测，另一场病毒大流行迟早会发生。
7、The government has launched a series of programs to propagate knowledge about the recent pandemic outbreak and preventive measures against it.
政府已经启动了一系列计划，以传播有关最近大流行病爆发的知识和预防措施。
8、Obesity occurs when too much fat is deposited in the body due to an imbalance of energy intake and consumption.
当由于能量摄入和消耗的不平衡，体内堆积了太多脂肪时，就会发生肥胖。
Acadmic exploration 2¶
| catastrophic | closure | closure | closure |
| diminish | pharmaceutical | predominantly | vaccine |
1、In past decades, the field of cardio-oncology (肿瘤心脏病学) has predominantly focused on prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in cancer survivors.
在过去几十年中，心血管肿瘤学领域主要关注癌症幸存者心血管疾病的预防和治 疗。
2、Among the many types of catastrophic medical mistakes that occur, surgical errors can be the most dreadful.
在发生的许多类型的灾难性医疗错误中，手术错误可能是最可怕的。
3、Several models have been proposed to explain the changing demography of chronic diseases of affluence, such as cardiovascular disease.
已经提出了几个模型来解释慢性富裕疾病（如心血管疾病）的人口统计学变化。
4、The gel (凝胶) quickly coats the point of bleeding, resulting in the physical closure of the broken blood vessel.
凝胶迅速覆盖出血点，导致破裂血管的物理闭合。
5、It normally takes years to design a manufacturing process and develop a new vaccine or drug.
通常需要数年的时间来设计生产工艺和开发新的疫苗或药物。
6、Chronic, prolonged (持久的) stress can be detrimental to our overall health if left untreated.
如果不加以治疗，长期的慢性压力可能会损害我们的整体健康。
7、Governments should make laws to guarantee the manufacturing and delivery of urgently needed pharmaceutical products used to treat emerging threats.
各国政府应制定法律，保障用于治疗新出现威胁的急需药品的生产和交付。
8、Most consumers prefer eating cooked nuts as opposed to raw although cooking diminishes their health benefits.
大多数消费者更喜欢吃煮熟的坚果，而不是生的，尽管烹饪会降低他们的健康益 处。
Acadmic writing¶
| as a result | because of | consequently |
| resulted from | resulted in | therefore |
1、The disease outbreak resulted in a fall in tourism.
2、Diseases can have significant economic impacts. Consequently / Therefore / As a result, countries need to fund research into diseases.
3、More days being taken off work resulted from increased levels of depression and stress.
4、Governments have a responsibility for the welfare of their residents. Therefore / As a result / Consequently, they should develop vaccines that fight dangerous diseases.
5、Because of lost working days, the government’s income from taxes fell.
6、The government reduced funding for disease research. As a result / Consequently / Therefore, fewer cures are being discovered.
Unit 4¶
Acadmic exploration 1¶
| commerce | addicted | distribution | diversity |
| grant | minority | superior | urbanization |
1、If we can embrace cultural diversity when interacting with others, we will be able to build bridges to trust, respect, and understanding across cultures.
如果我们能够在与他人互动时拥抱文化多样性，我们将能够建立跨文化信任、尊 重和理解的桥梁。
2、No language is superior to another. All languages are equal no matter whether they are spoken by the majority or not.
没有一种语言优于另一种语言。所有语言都是平等的，无论他们是否为大多数人 所使用。
3、The world has experienced dramatic urbanization in recent decades as more and more people move to cities for better jobs and opportunities.
近几十年来，随着越来越多的人搬到城市寻找更好的工作和机会，世界经历了戏 剧性的城市化。
4、Minority languages need to be protected in order to be able to survive in the process of globalization.
少数民族语言需要得到保护，才能在全球化进程中生存。
5、The desire to engage in hands-on activities to solve problems innovatively is the hallmark (特征) of a passionate and dedicated scientist.
渴望参与实践活动，以创新的方式解决问题，这是一个充满激情和献身精神的科 学家的特点。
6、The most effective way to protect a language is to grant it a special status.
保护一种语言最有效的方法是给予它特殊地位。
7、Commerce affects many decisions. The majority of businessmen are focused on economic success.
商业影响许多决策。大多数商人专注于经济成功。
8、The distribution of animals can be improved. Some endangered animals could be reintroduced to areas they once lived.
动物的分布可以得到改善。一些濒危动物可以被重新引入它们曾经生活过的地区。
Acadmic exploration 2¶
| breed | dieout | disrupt | food chain |
| habitat | shortage | threat | thrive |
1、Human activities like the widespread destruction of trees and plants can disrupt the environment.
人类活动，如树木和植物的广泛破坏，会破坏环境。
2、Possible solutions to food shortages / shortage include enhancing agricultural technologies, reducing food waste, and improving land management.
解决粮食短缺的可能办法包括加强农业技术、减少粮食浪费和改善土地管理。
3、Some animals are able to survive and thrive after a catastrophe (灾难) because they have qualities that make them adaptable and competitive in tough conditions.
一些动物能够在灾难后生存并茁壮成长，因为它们具有在艰苦条件下适应和竞争 的能力。
4、Some people argue it is natural for animals to die out because they cannot survive the modern world. Do you agree?
有些人认为动物灭绝是自然的，因为它们无法在现代世界生存。你同意吗？
5、When one animal is over hunted, it will affect what the other animals eat because lots of different animals are linked together through the food chain.
当一种动物被过度捕猎时，它会影响其他动物的食物，因为许多不同的动物通过 食物链连接在一起。
6、Which habitat is best for the wildlife in your country: mountain, desert, jungle, or something else?
哪个栖息地最适合你国家的野生动物：高山、沙漠、丛林或其他地方？
7、Some people breed dogs to perform specific tasks, such as hunting, herding, and guarding.
有些人饲养狗是为了执行特定的任务，例如狩猎、放牧和看守。
8、Electronic waste has been regarded as one of the greatest threats to our planet.
电子垃圾已被视为对地球的最大威胁之一。
Acadmic writing¶
| comparison | growing | in the region of | peak |
| slight | steadily | substantial | well over |
1、Well over a million people live in the city – perhaps close to one and a half million.
2、The population of bees peaked before starting to decline several years ago.
3、There are growing numbers of gazelles in the region, with the population going up around 25%.
4、While the growth was not dramatic, the figures rose steadily over the two decades.
5、There was a(n) substantial fall in the number of rhinos, from over 20,000 to under 2,000.
6、There was a(n) slight fall in the fox population from 19,000 to 18,500.
7、No one knows exactly, but in the region of 20,000 species are in danger of becoming extinct.
8、The graphs show a(n) comparison of the different animal populations in 1980 and 2010.
Unit 5¶
Acadmic exploration 1¶
| corporate | evasion | illegal | initiative |
| institute | provision | representative | ultimately |
1、The government has introduced a(n) initiative to fight against tax avoidance.
政府提出了一项打击避税的倡议。
2、Corporate organizations should be responsible for the behavior of their employees.
公司组织应为其员工的行为负责。
3、This institute aims to improve business ethics and encourage high standards of business behavior based on ethics, but it has no control over how companies actually behave.
该研究所旨在提高商业道德，鼓励基于道德的高标准商业行为，但它无法控制公 司的实际行为。
4、In an ideal situation, no one would do anything illegal. They would all follow the law.
在理想的情况下，没有人会做任何违法的事。他们都会遵守法律。
5、Ultimately, it is up to the individual to decide what is right and wrong.
最终，由个人决定什么是对的，什么是错的。
6、This report discusses the policies developed at the national level to improve the provision of childcare facilities.
本报告讨论了国家一级为改善儿童保育设施的提供而制定的政策。
7、The curbs on big companies suggest governments are beginning to rein in (约束) giants, and their evasion of responsibility may be coming to an end.
对大公司的限制表明，政府开始控制巨头，他们逃避责任的行为可能会结束。
8、Generally, a parent or guardian of a minor child (未成年子女) is regarded as the “personal representative” of the minor child.
通常，未成年子女的父母或监护人被视为未成年子女“个人代表”。
Acadmic exploration 2¶
| clause | conduct | declare | intention |
| recruit | state | issue |
1、When companies recruit new employees, they should not only take the candidates’ professional capacities into account, but also evaluate their personal character.
公司招聘新员工时，不仅要考虑应聘者的专业能力，还要评估他们的个人性格。
2、A company normally would update the employee handbook annually in order to better regulate employee behavior and conduct at work.
公司通常会每年更新员工手册，以便更好地规范员工的行为和行为。
3、Even if in some cases an employee’s intention sare good, his or her behavior can still be recognized as unethical.
即使在某些情况下，员工的意图是好的，他或她的行为仍然可以被认为是不道德 的。
4、The company will issue an identity card to every new employee at the very first working day.
公司将在第一个工作日向每位新员工发放身份证。
5、The company might run the risk of being sued (起诉) as they have failed to correctly calculate and declare the amount of tax according to the applicable law.
公司可能面临被起诉的风险，因为他们未能根据适用法律正确计算和申报税款。
6、One of the clauses in the contract says that employees are strictly forbidden to reveal any information about the clients.
合同中的一项条款规定，严禁员工透露客户的任何信息。
7、Despite the fact that companies would usually state the relevant rules publicly and clearly, there are still occasional violations.
尽管事实上，公司通常会公开、明确地说明相关规则，但仍偶尔会出现违规行为。
Acadmic writing¶
| arrest | crime | defend | judge |
| justice | lawyer | trial | witness |
1、A(n) 1) lawyer often has to 2) defend someone in court even when they think that person has committed a crime. However, all people, even guilty ones, have the right to be represented legally.
2、In some countries, a(n) 3) judge is responsible for making the law as well as applying it.
3、A(n) 4) witness to a crime can help prove whether someone is guilty or not.
4、When the police 5) arrest someone, they usually have a limited time to decide whether the person is guilty or not.
5、Most 6) crimes that are committed are very minor, but they use a lot of police time.
6、The 7) justice / judicialsystem is there to protect the rights of the general public.
7、During a(n) 8) trial, all of the evidence must be considered before reaching the verdict (裁决).
创建日期: 2023-02-17
作者: